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Each time you
quote or paraphrase an idea from your research material, you must give
credit to the original source to lend authority to your paper and to
allow the reader to check statistics or find additional information on
the topic. To attempt to pass off another's words or ideas as your
own constitutes plagiarism and is considered one of the most serious forms
of cheating. Credit for each idea that you borrow will be designated
by in-text documentation. Particularly should you cite quotations,
statistics, illustrations, figures, diagrams, definitions, controversial
or unusual information, and interpretations of critics that you have put
in your own words. However, common knowledge, such as dates, names
of places, or generally known information, does not have to be cited
unless the material is directly quoted.
Citations come immediately after the borrowed material
generally before sentence punctuation. They consist of the
following elements: author's last name, understood form of the title,
and page number. If the author and the title are mentioned clearly
in the text, only the page number is needed. If only one work by
an author is cited in the text, the title is omitted.
Punctuation for citations follows these forms:
Colons
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separate volume and page (3:42)
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Commas
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separate author's name and title (Sandburg, Harvest Poems)
show separation of pages or lines (22,23)
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Hyphens
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show continuous pagination (98-100)
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Periods
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separate drama acts, scenes, and lines (2.1.22-24)
separate chapters and verses in Bible (Gen. 2.2)
separate volume and issue numbers in scholarly journals (9.3)
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Citations should
come before sentence punctuation except when a block quotation is
used. Follow the link for examples of in-text
documentation.
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